In a rotary pump system, the inlet pipe diameter is typically larger than the outlet pipe diameter, based on considerations of fluid dynamics and operational safety. The inlet side operates at lower pressure, where the fluid density is relatively lower and the flow velocity slower. Enlarging the inlet diameter reduces suction resistance, ensuring smooth entry of the medium into the pump and preventing cavitation caused by excessively low inlet pressure. The outlet side has a higher flow velocity; appropriately reducing the pipe diameter helps maintain outlet pressure and improve delivery efficiency. Taking water transport as an example, the general inlet flow velocity should be controlled between 1.0–1.6 m/s, should not exceed 3.0 m/s at maximum, and should remain above 0.6 m/s at minimum to prevent sediment accumulation.

Multiple technical requirements must be followed during pipeline installation. Inlet and outlet pipelines should be equipped with independent supports to prevent the pump body from bearing pipeline weight; large-diameter pipelines should preferably use flexible connections to alleviate stress from ground settlement or thermal expansion and contraction. Inlet pipelines should maintain an upward slope (approximately 1/50) as much as possible to avoid air pocket formation; using eccentric reducers instead of concentric ones can also effectively prevent air accumulation. Attention should be paid to valve orientation: the inlet shut-off valve should be installed close to the pump nozzle and arranged horizontally or downward to prevent air trapping; an outlet check valve should be installed and placed after the gate valve to guard against water hammer impact and backflow.

Regarding pipeline layout, sufficient maintenance space should be reserved around the pump body. Pipelines should not be routed above or directly in front of the pump to facilitate disassembly and maintenance. A filter should be installed on the inlet pipeline section with space reserved for screen removal; if an outlet pipeline requires a reducer, it should be placed as close as possible to the pump outlet. For pumps operating in parallel, it is recommended that each pump independently connect to the inlet header to avoid pressure imbalance. Long-distance outlet pipelines require attention to water hammer risk, with buffer devices installed when necessary.

In summary, rotary pump pipeline design involves more than just dimensional matching; it requires systematic consideration of fluid characteristics, installation conditions, and operational environment. Preventing cavitation, reducing vibration, and ensuring smooth flow are the core objectives throughout, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the pump system.

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